Jillian Silva
As childbirth educators, we have many opportunities to share comfort techniques with parents. We teach about medical pain relief, as well as changes in position, heat and cold therapy, massage, visualization, encouragement, and more. One tool gaining attention for its effectiveness in labor is the TENS (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) unit. It may be one of the most overlooked tools, and many parents have little or no knowledge about TENS.
Understanding tools like the TENS unit can help increase parents’ confidence in their ability to manage labor pain. Equipping them with this knowledge can empower them to make choices that align with their birth preferences.
In this blog, we turn to maternity TENS unit expert Jillian Silva, to answer all our questions and explore how it works, the benefits it offers, and practical ways to introduce it in childbirth classes.
What Is a TENS Unit?
A TENS unit is a small, battery-operated device that provides pain relief through mild electrical currents. It connects to electrode pads, or as I like to call them, “stimulating pads” (which sounds a bit less intimidating), that attach to the mother’s back. When turned on, it creates a gentle tingling or buzzing sensation, helping to manage labor pain by reducing pain signals sent to the brain and encouraging the release of endorphins, the body’s natural painkillers.
What Is the Difference Between a Non-Maternity TENS Unit and a Maternity TENS Unit?
There are numerous TENS devices available on the market, each designed to cater to different needs and preferences. The maternity TENS units are specifically designed for labor featuring a higher output intensity than regular TENS units, along with a boost mode that provides an extra surge of power during contractions. Some hospitals offer this tool on the labor unit, some doulas carry them in their birth bag, or parents can purchase their own unit to use in labor.
Example of a Maternity TENS Unit:
Why Might Parents Consider Using a Maternity TENS Unit During Labor?
Many parents are seeking non-medicated pain relief options during at least part of their labor. A maternity TENS unit offers several benefits, such as:
- Mobility. Parents can stay mobile during labor while using the device.
- Control. The mother can adjust the intensity of the pulses to match her comfort level.
- Boost Mode. Many maternity-specific TENS units feature a boost button for increased intensity during contractions.
How Does a TENS Unit Help with Labor Pain?
TENS therapy works through two key mechanisms:
- Gate Control Theory of Pain. Your spinal cord has a “gate” that controls pain signals before they reach your brain. The TENS unit helps narrow the gate, reducing the perception of pain. Much like rubbing your arm after bumping it eases the pain, the TENS unit works similarly.
- Endorphin Release. Your body naturally produces endorphins to manage pain. The TENS unit boosts endorphin production, enhancing natural pain relief.
As labor progresses, the intensity of the unit can be increased in response to stronger contractions. It is essential to start using the TENS unit in early labor while contractions are still mild. This allows the mother to get accustomed to the sensation and experience the maximum benefit as labor intensifies.
What Does a TENS Unit Feel Like?
Before teaching about a TENS unit, I encourage you to try it yourself! By experiencing it firsthand, you will be able to describe it accurately to your students. Most people report a gentle tingling or buzzing sensation, which can be adjusted to a comfortable level.
Where Are the Stimulating Pads (Electrodes) of a Maternity TENs Unit Placed?
Correct placement of the electrode pads is essential for effective pain relief during labor. Encourage parents to read the instructions provided with their specific TENS unit to ensure proper placement.
Here’s a quick guide to help parents use their TENS unit correctly:
- Upper Pads: Place the upper pair of pads just below where a bra strap would sit, about ½ to 1 inch on either side of the spine.
- Lower Pads: Position the lower pair of pads over the dimples in the lower back, just above the gluteal cleft (tailbone area).
How Do You Use a TENS Unit During Labor?
- Attach the electrode pads to the areas on the mother’s back as recommended by the manufacturer.
- Follow the instructions for attaching the lead wires to the pads.
- Hand the TENS unit to the mother, encouraging her to start with a low intensity and gradually increase to a comfortable level.
- If using a maternity-specific unit, suggest using the Boost button during contractions for extra pain relief.
- For optimal results, encourage starting the TENS unit in early labor and adjusting intensity as labor progresses.
How Do You Introduce the TENS Unit in Your Childbirth Class?
As a childbirth educator, it’s important to present the TENS unit as one of many tools available during labor. Here are some practical tips to introduce it:
1. Start with Curiosity. Open the conversation by asking your class: “Has anyone heard of a TENS unit for labor pain relief?” This encourages engagement and allows you to gauge familiarity.
2. Introduce the Gate Control Theory of Pain and Demonstrate the Device. If possible, have a TENS unit available to show. Explain how the electrode pads are placed on the back and how the device sends gentle electrical pulses to reduce the perception of pain.
Example of how you can explain the gate control theory of pain:
3. Share Real-Life Experiences Many parents find the TENS unit helpful during early and active labor. Sharing testimonials (without endorsing a particular product) can inspire confidence.
Where Can You Find a TENS Unit?
Check to see if your hospital or birth center has them available and if you can use them for demonstration purposes in your class. Additionally, TENS units can be purchased or rented from various retailers, including major online platforms like Amazon or local drug stores. For maternity-specific TENS units, parents can explore options from specialized suppliers.
Are There Safety Considerations Around Using a TENS Unit?
While the TENS unit is a safe and effective tool for many parents, it should not be used:
- Before 37 weeks of pregnancy.
- In water (e.g., bath, shower, or birthing tub).
- By individuals with pacemakers or epilepsy.
- On broken or irritated skin.
Are There Disadvantages to Using a TENS Unit?
- Not as strong as an epidural.
- Not all mothers find it helpful.
- Cannot be used in water (birthing tub or shower).
By educating mothers about the benefits and proper use of a TENS unit, you can help them feel more confident and prepared for their labor experience.
TENS for Labor
📧 [email protected]
📞 (859) 551-4415
🌐 www.tensforlabor.com
🌐 www.austinchildbirth.com
